人教版七年级英语上册基数词 序数词 介词 讲解与练习

基数词和序数词

基数词 序数词

0 zero

1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten first/1st second/2nd third/3rd fourth/4th fifth/5th sixth/6th seventh/7th eighth/8th ninth/9th tenth/10th 第一

第二

第三

第四

第五

第六

第七 第八

第九

第十

11 eleven eleventh/11th 第十一

12 twelve twelfth/12th 第十二

13 thirteen thirteenth/13th 第十三

14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 Twenty-one 22 Twenty-two 23 Twenty-three fourteenth/14th 第十四

fifteenth/15th 第十五

sixteenth/16th 第十六

seventeenth/17th 第十七

eighteenth/18th 第十八

nineteenth/19th 第十九

twentieth/20th 第二十

twenty-first/21st 第二十一

twenty-second/22nd 第二十二

twenty-third/23rd 第二十三

30 thirty thirtieth/30th 第三十

40 forty fortieth/40th 第四十

50 fifty fiftieth/50th 第五十

60 sixty sixtieth/60th 70 seventy seventieth/70th 80 eighty eightieth/80th 90 ninety ninetieth/90th 100 hundred hundredth/100th 基数词变序数词变化规则

基变序，有规律，

词尾—th加上去；

1，2，3，特殊记；

词尾字母t,d,d (first, second, third )

第六十

第七十

第八十

第九十

第一百

8少t, 9减e；（eight --- eighth nine—ninth）

ve要用f 替；（five ---fifth twelve--- twelfth）

见y 变成 i和e ，

再加 th 莫忘记；（twenty -- twentieth）

若要遇到几十几，

只变个位就可以。（forty –four ----- forty –fouth）

介词：

1、介词的主要用法：

介词是一种虚词,不能独立使用。介词之后一般有名词或代词(宾格)或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语,即构成介词短语。有些介词是由两个以上的词构成的短语介词,如：out of(从…中出来), away from(距离…), next to(在…隔壁), in front of(在…前方)等。

2、介词的分类表： (见下表)

地点(位置、范围)介词： after在…后面, at在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, beside在...旁边, between在...之间, from来自..., in在...里面, near靠近..., on在...上面, outside在....外面, under在...下方, in front of在...前, in the middle of在...的中间, at

the back of在...的后部,等等。

方向(目标趋向)介词： along沿着..., around绕着..., at朝着..., down向…下, for向..., from从/离..., in进入..., into进入..., near接近..., off脱离/除..., out of向...外, outside向....外, to向/朝..., up向...上, away from远离...

时间介词：about大约..., after在…以后, at在… (时刻), before在…以前, for有…(之久), from从…(时)起, in在(上/下午); on在(某日), past过了…(时), to到(下一时刻),

方式介词：as作为/当作..., by用/由/乘坐/被..., in用…(语言), like与…一样, on骑(车)/徒(步), with用(材料),用(手/脚/耳/眼),

涉及介词: about关于..., in在…(方面), of…的,有关..., to对…而言, with就…而言

其它介词:

【目的介词】 for为了..., to为了…

【比较介词】 as与…一样,like象…一样,than比...,to与…相比少,

【伴随/状态介词】 at在(上班/休息/上学/家,etc.),in穿着…(衣服/颜色), on在(值日), with与…一起,有/带着/长着...

3、介词短语的句法作用：

介词短语相当于一个形容词或副词,可用作状语、定语和表语。如：The man came

.(状)(那个人走下楼来)/The woman is from the countryside.(定)(头上戴花的妇女来自乡下)/The teacher is now with the students.(表)(老师现在和学生在一起)

4、介词短语在句子中的位置：

介词短语做状语时,如果表示时间/地点,可以放在句首或句尾,如果表示方向/方式/伴随/涉及/原因/目的/比较,一般放在句尾；介词短语作表语时放在连系动词之后；介词短语作定语时,只能放在被修饰的名词之后。如：He wanted to find a good job in Shanghai the next year.(状语)(他想来年在上海找份好工作)/ They searched the room for the thief.(他们在房间里搜索小偷) / The letters are for you.(表语)(信是给你的)/ Have you seen a cat with a black head and four white legs?(定语)(你看见一只黑头白腿的猫了吗？)

5、重要注释：

⑴ this / that / these / those / last / next / a / every / each等词构成的时间短语,前面不用任何介词。如：Every year travellers from abroad come to visit Pingyao.(每年都有国外的游客来游览平窑镇)/ He had a bad cold that week.(那个星期他患重感冒)

⑵ 记住一些固定词组： on foot(步行), at night(在晚上), play with(玩耍……),look out of(朝…外面看), with one’s help(在…的帮助下),look after(照料…),look for(寻找…),on a bike(=by bike)骑车, help sb. with(帮某人做…)等等。

6、某些介词的用法辨析：

⑴ 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别：表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间； 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) / His glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/ He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院)

⑵ after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般时态；“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如：He said that he would be here after 6：00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/ My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)

⑶ by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”, in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如：We see with our eyes and walk with our feet.(我们用眼睛看东西,用双脚走路)/ Please write that article(文章) in English.(请你用英语写那篇文章)/ Let’s go to the zoo by taxi.(我们打的去动物园吧。)/ It was written by Lao She.(那是老舍写的)

⑸ in front of 与in the front of： in front of“在…的前面”, 与in the front of“在…的前部”。如：A car was parking in front of the hall.(大厅跟前停着一辆汽车)/ In the front of the hall stood a big desk.(大厅前部立着一个大讲台)

用适当的介词填空:

1. Tom is the boy _______ glasses.

2. Please read some books ________ Chinese medicine.

3. She works in the day and has a rest ______ night.

4. My uncle works _______ a farm.

5. Mr Black and Yang Ling are talking _________ a party.

6. She wants _____ buy a sweater ______ her daughter.

7. It’s a map ____ China.

8. Let’s have a look _____ the picture.

9. What’s that _____ Chinese?

10. I’m _____ Class One.

11. There is a clock ______ the wall ______ the classroom.

12. Can you see an apple _______ the tree? No, But I can see a bird _______ the tree.

13. There is a purse ______ here.

14. There is a boat ______ the lake.

15. There are many kites ____ the sky.

16. What clothes is she wearing? She is _______ red.

17. Can you see the boy _______ the bike?

18. The woman ______ a yellow dress is my mother.

19. Who can you see ______ the picture?

20. Who’s the man __________ your mother and father?

21. Gao Shan gets up ______ 6:00 _______ the morning.

22. We don’t have classes _______ Sunday morning.

23. What do you often do ______ Saturday?

24. Can you help me ______ my maths?

25. What’s wrong ______ you?

26. Who’s _____ duty?

27. It’s time _____ supper.

28. She can’t find the way. So she asks the policeman _____ help.

29. A man ______ Shanghai goes to the park _______ his daughter.

30. Your socks are _____ the desk. Put them away. You must look _______ your things.

31. My sister is drawing a picture ________ crayons.

32. I’m thirsty. What _____ you?

33. What would you like _______ breakfast?

34. He is American. He is _______ the USA.

35. He is _______ home. He isn’t ______ school.

36. The lunch ______ our school is good.

37. He is playing _______ a you-you.

38. I am good _____ running. Tom does well _____ jumping.

39. The girls play cards _______ class.

40. Take ______ the old coat. Put ______ the new one.

41. I’m looking _____ my dog. I can’t find it.

42. They are talking ______ Mr. Green. They are talk ______ the film.

43. The cat is running _______ the mouse.

44. Peter looks ______ his father.

45. He is learning French _________ the tape.

46. Frenchmen come ________ France.

47. Please write _____ me soon.

48. Jack goes to school ______ foot. Jim goes to school ______ bike.

49. The farm is not far ________ his home.

50. Don’t be late ______ school.

51. She’s ill. She stays ______ bed all day.

52. There are a lot of people ________ Red Apple Hotel.

53. The supermarket is open _______ 9:00 a.m. ________ 9:00 p.m..

54. They are getting ______ the bus.

55. We are playing football ________ the playground.

56. _______ weekends, when do you get up?

57. The bookshop is not _____ Shanghai Street, it is ________ Beijing Road.

58. Don’t laugh _____ anyone.

59. He looks ________, there is no one nearby.

60. The thief is running ________ ______ the shop.

61. The hospital is 5 kilometers _______ ________ the shopping center.

62. Class One is _______ _______ Class Two.

63. There is a river _____ ______ _____ my house.

64. They are walking ______ the lake.