英语六级试卷采用多题多卷的形式，大家核对答案时,找出具体选项，忽略套数。 【听力】Conversation 1
M: Welcome to Money Matters - a weekly program that helps you manage your money. Tonight, I'll be talking to Mary Johnson about budgeting. W: Hello, everyone.
M: There's a magic about money, when it's not planned for, tracked and kept the record of, it literally disappears.
What are some of the steps we can take to prevent this from happening? W: Well, it's all about keeping track of your money.
If you don't do that, you'll never be able to set any goals for your budget or have the discipline to stick to them.
M: That's easier said than done. I read recently that only 41% of Americans adhere to a budget.
W: Yes, but knowing what you earn and what you spend can give you reassurance that you won't get into debt in the first place. You can do this by adding up all of your sources of income you have, and writing them all down on a piece of paper. On the same page, write down all of your monthly expenses.
M: Tm always amazed at how much my expenses add up.But designating each item as an income or an expense really helps me have a much better sense of all my spending.
W: Right. Most people have no idea how much they spend each day, let alone each week or month； no matter how careful they are. Next, subtract your monthly expenses from income. If the result is positive, you are living within your means. If the result is a negative number, you're going to have to cut back on your spending. M: Tm usually a negative number. I just canrt resist the allure of all those prestigious goods.
W: Well, it's not a catastrophe, but you do have to make some changes. Try cutting back on those non-essential items, sell some stuff in your attic or shop online to avoid unnecessary temptations like chocolate. Failing that you can always find yourself a part-time job.
QI: What does the man say about the weekly program? Q2: What did the man read recently?
Q3: What does the woman suggest the man do first to avoid getting into debt?
Q4: What does the woman say about online shopping?
Conversation 2M: Hi there. Tve come to see the flat. My name is Mark Adams. We spoke on the phone on Wednesday.
W: Hi Mark. Come on up. Til buzz you in green door, on the second floor on the right side. Nice to meet you. I spoke to all your references and they all checked out Okay. So let me show you around the place actually belongs to my mother, but her
healthisn*t great. So we finally managed to persuade her to move in with us and rent this old place out.
M： It's a great size, plenty of space, very versatile. I think it's a winner for us. W: Yes. All the appliances are brand new. Therers a washing machine and a tumble dryer in the utility room next to the kitchen.
M: Lots of closet space two, which is fabulous. My wife has a ridiculous number of shoes. Now, the big question What about noise and the neighbors?
W: Well； all the neighbors are elderly, so no noisy kids and the back of the house overlooks a clear and peaceful pond. So it's perfect. If tranquility is what you are looking for.
M: That's good news. Werve been living in a less than glamorous part of Aberdeen, constantly harassed day and night by noisy neighbors. Getting to work was a nightmare too. As we only have one car. And my wife has to use it as she works nights at the hospital.
W: Well, if you like the place it's yours. As soon as I get a contract drawn up with the solicitor, the first month's rent and a deposit are mandatory on signing the contract, then we can work out when is the best day for you to pay rent each month? M: Well be incredibly happy to be your new tenants. Thank you so much. My wife will be thrilled to get out of the shabby place we are now in and start filling those wardrobes with all those shoes.
Q5: What does the woman say about the flat question six? Q6: What is the man's chief consideration in looking for a flat? Q7: What does the man have to do on signing the contract?
Q8: Why does the man say his wife will feel very excited if they move into the flat? Passage 1A new study has found a positive correlation between how much television children watch and their parents stress levels. Why? Because the more television kids watch, the more they're exposed to advertising .The more advertising they see, the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when they go with their parents to the store.This could generate conflict if the parents refuse. All that
researchers say can contribute to parents overall stress levels. What's the solution ? Perhaps the most obvious is curtailing screen time.
Commercial content is there for a reason :to elicit purchasing behavior, so parents might want to shut off the TV. Researchers can see that this is easier said than done. So they suggest another option. Parents can change how they talk to their kids about purchases. The researchers suggest that parents seek input from their children on family purchasing decisions.They shouldn't try to control all purchases. Instead, parents might tell their children things like: I will listen to your advice on certain products or brands. This type of communication, the researchers assert, can lead to children, making fewer purchasing demands- that means less parent stress.
However, the protective effect of this kind of communication diminishes with greater exposureto television. This is because advertising aimed at children is especially persuasive. Advertisers use an assortment of tactics, such as bright colors, happy music and celebrity endorsements to appeal to children. Plus children don't have the cognitive ability to fully understand advertising's intent that makes them particularly vulnerable to advertisements.
Q9: What has the new study found about children watching television? Q10:What are parents advised to do to reduce the impact of TV commercials? Qll: What makes children particularly vulnerable to TV commercials?
Passage 2Everyone is supposed to cheer for good guys. And we should only punish the bad guys, but that!s not what we always do. Most of the time we do indeed reward good people. We also often punish people who harm others or who aren't good team players, but sometimes the good guys also get punished or criticized
specifically because they are so good. This seems baffling because it's detrimental to group cooperation. However, the phenomenon has been discovered in multiple fields and it has been found in every society. Why does this happen? Research suggests a simple reason when one person looks really good, others look bad by comparison. Those others then have an incentive in stopping that person from looking good, especially if they canrt or won't compete. After all, werre all judged in comparison with others. When faced with someone better, what can a normal person do? One option is to actively compete.
A second option is to bring that person down that is to suppress their cooperation or work ethic, and first selfish motives for their actions or imply real or imagined hypocrisy. Other tactics include attacking them on unrelated dimensions or
punishing them outright. Why does this matter? Critics often attack the motives of
people who protect the environment, donate money or work too hard. Such good deeds are dismissed as naive or hypocritical by those who do not perform those
deeds. This criticism may ultimately discourage people from doing good deeds.so it's important to recognize these attacks for what they are. Q12: What baffling phenomenon is discussed in the passage? Q13: How are we all judged according to the passage?
Q14: What can a normal person do when faced with people who perform better? Q15: what may discourage people from performing good deeds?
Lecture 1 雪萱In America, most researchers can see that boys and girls are brought up in different ways, taught different skills and rewarded for different acts. Women, it is agreed excel at certain tasks, men at others. There is little argument that some personality traits appear more dominant in one sex than in the other.
All of this, not withstanding, gender differences are very much in the media these days. Since the rise of the women's movement, gender role behavior has come under closer scrutiny. How has this affected friendship? How do the sexes differ in their friendship relations? Most preteen children have a best friend who is usually someone of the same sex and similar age.Both sexes share an essentially positive recollection of these childhood friendships, they do not differ in this respect.
However, the type of play engaged in during these early friendships is telling of the difference to come. Boys tend to form playgroups that are competitive in nature. Girls groups more frequently revolve around cooperative enterprises. Thus at an early age, boys become concerned with trying hard and winning, while girls by contrast play house and school, engaging in roles that require complimentary support. Speaking of their childhood, men recall being highly responsive to and aware of the gender role opinions of other boys. Girls in preteen years appear to be less susceptible to gender role pressure. It is not until the dating years that women report being concerned with feminine behavior. Males for the most part are
responsive to the suggestion that their behavior is unmanly at almost any age. These early attitudes reinforced by social conditioning continue to play an active part in the friendships of both sexes during adolescence. This is a period when the majority of males, once again, report a close Alliance with same sex friends.Now, however； with heightened intensity, considerable energy is devoted to competing for position and a definite undercurrent of competition permeates the relationship. Although in dissimilar fashion, females share equally fragile relationships at this age. For them, the bond of loyalty extends only to the line of romantic involvement.This is most apt to be the case in late adolescence when dating and relationships with boys take sharp precedence over sisterhood. Actually dating dilutes the intensity of same sex friendships for men also. For the majority of us, the moment we begin to date seriously, there's a competition between romance and friendship. Q16: What does the speaker say about most preteen children?
Q17: What do most males devote much of their energy to during adolescence?
Q18: What do children do when they reach late adolescence?
Lecture 2Good afternoon. In todayrs lecture, well be talking about how and when to disclose a disability when applying for a job. On average, about 20% of the population has some form of disability. Most countries these days have equal opportunity and nondiscrimination laws, yet disabled people often find it hard to decide when, how, and if at all to raise their disability problem with a potential employer. There is uncertainty about how a recruiter will perceive their disability as such many candidates fear they wouldn't be considered for a position as a result of disclosing this personal information. And research has validated this as a genuine concern for many job applicants. Its a natural reaction, but it shouldn't be a reason to stay quiet. People need to remember that they are applying for a position they have the skills and experience to.
Discussing a disability with a potential employer may help them make reasonable workplace adjustments in their favor. It's most appropriate to discuss a disability when they reply to confirm an interview, this information needed to be put up front in their cover letter or resume, because it's probably not relevant to the position itself. Candidates with disabilities should feel they have the power to make their own decisions around sharing this information free from prejudice. If they find an organization that doesn't celebrate diversity and inclusion, it could say a lot about the companyrs culture, perhaps the organization isn't the right fit. Itfs important for them to. remember That they are seeking a manager, an employer thatrs going to be supportive and continue to give them a great employment experience. Companies sometimes offer candidates the chance to disclose disabilities on their application form, but people shouldnft feel restricted by this method or timing. People should avoid sharing the name of their disability or condition. There is always the risk that the recruiter will research inform that is inaccurate or irrelevant. If people donrt think their disability will impact their ability to perform in the advertised position, then it's entirely their entitlement to choose when and whether to share this information. Q19: Why do disabled job applicants feel reluctant to disclose their disability information?
Q20: When does the speaker suggest applicants reveal their disability information? Q21: What are people advised to do when filling out their job application form? Lecture 3Smartphones Distract attention and reduce learning because of their potential to offer activities more inviting than study. But what about background sound alone?
A group of American researchers compared students1 comprehension of verbal
material when reading in the presence of background speech, instrumental music or general noise.
General noise is neutral such as that from the sound of an air conditioner or fan. Student scores were most depressed in the presence of background speech.
Comprehension was slightly better with the presence of music than with speech. However, when they were asked to identify melodies rather than understand text background music interfered more. When the background speech was in a language unfamiliar to participants, there was little, if any hindrance of reading comprehension. British researchers compared the effects of background speech, vocal music,
instrumental music, general background noise and silence on short term memory. Background speech had the biggest negative effect. Vocal music was slightly more disruptive than instrumental.
In general background noise and silence were least disrupt.
It seems the degree of interference from background noise depends on the overlap between the processing required on the task and the processing required to screen out the background noise.
The studies suggest that when people read and when they try to remember any verbalmaterial, background speech will inhibit their ability. Instrumental music will have at worst a slight effect.
When students write essays, however,other research has found it is best to reduce all background noise as much as possible.
Not everyone reacts in the same way to distractions.
Other studies suggest some aspects of personality may make a difference.
The researchers subjected shy, quiet people and confident, outgoing ones to high arousal or low arousal background music, general noise or silence while asking them to remember words.
Everyone performed best in the silent condition, but less sociable people were more negatively affected by each of the distractions.
So when children are reading and trying to incorporate new material, parents could consider allowing some background music, particularly if it is instrumental and their child is the outgoing type.
Q22: What did some American researchers find about students reading comprehension in the presence of background noise?
Q23: What do we learn from the British researchers about the degree of interference from background noise?
Q24: What is best for students to do when writing essays according to some research? Q25: How do people of different personalities react to distractions according toother studies?
听力参考答案l.C] It helps people with budgeting. 2 .D) Most Americans do not stick to a budget.
3 .A) Keep track of his money.
4 .B) It helps avoid unnecessary spending. 5.C) It belongs to her mother. 1.8) Tranquility.
1.9) Pay the first month's rent and a deposit. 8. D] She will have plenty of space for her shoes.
9. D) The more television they watch, the greater their parents1 stress. 10. C) Involve children in making purchasing decisions. 11. A) Their limited cognitive ability.
12. D Good guys may get unfair treatmentC In comparsion with others 13. B Compete with them activelyA Being dismissed as hypocritical 14. D) They make friends with peers of the same sax. 15. A) Competing for position.
16. A) They prioritize romance over friendship. 17. B) They are worried about being turned down. 18. C] When confirming an interview.
19. D) Avoid mentioning the name of their disability. 1.8) ) It was the poorest when there was background speech.
23. C] It depends on the overlap in processing different kinds of information. 24. A] Keep everything as quiet as possible.
25. B) Shy quiet people were most adversely impacted. 【阅读】词汇理解
(1)文章开头开头：The now extinct passenger pigeon has the dubious honor of being the last species anyone ever expected to disappear. (2)答案
【答案速查】26-30 LAIMO 31-35 BCHNDL] estimates 26. A) vulnerablehatched 29. M] edible0) delicacy 30. B) unprecedentedC] tracts 31. H) infiniteN) depleted 32. D) specimen长篇阅读
(1)文章标题标题：Is computer coding a foreign language? (2)答案速查36-40 LEKGD 41-45 HBJCM
(3)题干、答案和定位处Employers attach more importance to applicants
1
computer skills than their language competence.
33. L ［定位】Even with the benefits and skill sets languages provide, recruiters and employers value computer skills more.
34. One U.S. state senator proposed that high school students be allowed to study either foreign language or computer coding.
35. E 【定位】“I think the opportunity to give people a choice is important/1 says Florida state Senator Jeremy Ring.might as well do computer coding.\"Learning
languages broadens students1 international perspective and nurtures mutual respect among peoples, according to a high school language teacher.
36. K ［定位］ We need to find a way to put ourselves at the global table and to treat each other with mutual respect.
37. One U.S. state will see to it that programming classes are taught by quality teachers.
38. G［定位］Instead, the state will provide support for higher quality teachers for programming classes.
39. Statistics show while computer-related jobs have been on the rise, foreign languages have become less appealing to American students since mid-1990s. 40. D ［定位］Foreign language interest, on the other hand, is declining for the first time since 1995.
41. All school subjects are said to be essential to students1 well-rounded development.
42. H ［定位］...because every subject, whether art, math or language, is a significant contribution to a well-rounded existence.
43. There is consensus among most educators that coding should be taught in schools but should not replace foreign language.
44. B［定位］Coding should be added to curriculums, but not at the expense of foreign language classes.
45. One study showed that foreign language learning improved students1 academic performance.
46. J ［定位】Studies show that bilingualism （双语）correlates with cognitive development, intelligence, memory and problem solving abilities, according to the American Cou
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