Unit 3
1. Teaching objectives：
(1)Knowledge objectives: ①students can master some key words and expressions of the text.
②Students can acquire more about the present perfect tense & the past perfect tense.
③Students can learn how to develop a paragraph by time.
(2)Ability objective: ①students can improve the abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing.
②Students can develop the ability of studying by themselves and cooperating.
(3)Emotional objectives:①students can get more interested in Chinese traditional architecture.
②students can develop a sense of pride to Chinese culture .
2. Teaching key points: help the students have a better understanding of the present perfect tense and the past perfect tense.
3. Teaching difficult points: enable students to pronounce plosives properly
and express worries& responses.
4. Teaching Procedure
Part One Listening and Speaking
Step 1. Pronunciation and listening skills
Listen to a song and fill in the blanks with what you hear.
Tips
在英语朗读中，遇到爆破音+爆破音时，前一个爆破音只作发音姿势，刚要发出时，立即发出第二个爆破音。如：what time，goodbye。遇到爆破音+摩擦音时，前一个爆破音作好发音姿势，刚发出即过渡到摩擦音。爆破音发出的声音非常轻微，有时甚至听不出来。如：picture，good child。
1 发音技巧
（１）爆破音是指发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍，然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。爆破音有六个，即 /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/ 和 /g/。
（２）发爆破音＋爆破音组合中的第一个爆破音时，气流不必冲破阻碍，而只是发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍，并稍作停顿。也就是说，只作发音姿势，刚要发出时，立即发出第二个爆破音。这个发音过程叫做“完全爆破”。
（３）发爆破音＋摩擦音（/f/，/v/，/θ/，/ð/，/s/，/z/，/ʃ/，/ʒ/，/h/，/r/）组合中的爆破音时，发音器官不形成阻碍而只形成一个很狭小的缝隙，让气流从缝隙中流出。也就是说发音器官作好发爆破音的姿势，刚发出该音即过渡到摩擦音，爆破音非常的轻微，有时甚至听不出来。这个发音过程叫做“不完全爆破” 。
2 歌曲中的完全爆破和不完全爆破
（１）完全爆破
A very good place to start; a note to follow so; a drink with jam and bread; That’ll bring us back to do oh oh oh
（２）不完全爆破有：
The first three notes just happen to be
Step 2. Conversations
Conversation 1 - Expressing worries & responses
1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1. B 2. B 3. C
2. Listen again and complete the following sentences with what you hear.
Scripts
Hi! Lucy, I notice that you are eating less than before. Are you trying to lose weight?
Right, Annie. I’m particularly anxious about my weight these days.
But you really got no need to worry about it. You look very slim!
Actually, there will be a party in one month. And I want to fit into my dress and look nice in it.
Oh, I see.
But I just can’t imagine how I can get into shape and fit into the dress in such a short time. Look at my body! I can’t help worrying.
But I don’t think dieting really works. It’s better to have a healthy lifestyle, eating more fruits and vegetables, drinking lots of water, and hitting the gym as often as possible. That’s what works for me.
Cool! Well, I’ll keep your words in mind.
3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language.
Functional Language
Conversation 2 - Expressing worries & responses
1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
Scripts
Sandy, what’s the matter? You don’t look well.
Oh, Joe, I’m worried about my homework.
What is it? Is it very difficult to do?
At least it is not easy for me. It is a composition. We need to hand it in tomorrow morning. It’s really worrisome.
There is nothing to worry about. Tell me what it is about.
The title of the composition is “Should the university campus be open to tourists?”. Just the thought of writing such a composition makes me worry.
Try not to worry. I’ll give you a hand. In the first paragraph you can just state that visiting universities has become increasingly popular.
But I don’t think that university campus should be open to tourists.
OK. Very good. Then state your own opinion in the following part. And give your reasons why you disapprove. Two or three reasons should be enough. In the last paragraph, just restate your opinion.
That doesn’t sound so hard. I’ll try it. Thank you for your help.
3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language.
Functional Language
Step 3. Passage
1. Listen to a passage and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
1. A 2. B 3. C
2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
Scripts
Wang Shu, born on November 4th, 1963 in Urumqi, Xinjiang, is a famous architect in China. He is also the dean of the School of Architectural Art of the China Academy of Art. In 2012, Wang became the first Chinese citizen to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize, the world’s top prize in architecture.
Instead of looking toward the west for inspiration, Wang tries to develop a new language for Chinese architecture. He roots his works in Chinese history and culture, and creates modern buildings by making use of traditional materials and techniques. For instance, the Xiangshan campus of Hangzhou’s China Academy of Art he designed, has a roof built with 2,000,000 tiles collected from traditional houses.
Wang’s success, to some extent, can inspire other Chinese architects to follow in his footsteps.
3. Work in groups to talk about a famous architect that you know. Then each group chooses a representative to make an introduction to the architect to the class. The introduction should include the following information.
The architect that I’m going to introduce is Jorn Utzon, the architect who designed the Sydney Opera House. Jorn Utzon was born on April 9, 1918 in Copenhagen, Denmark. He received his Diploma in Architecture from the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, Copenhagen. He once worked in Sweden until the
end of World War II and returned to Copenhagen in 1950 to open his own architectural practice. Jorn Utzon died in Copenhagen on November 29, 2008.
His legacy lives on through the Sydney Opera House as well as the many other magnificent structures he designed around the world, like Bagsvaerd Church and the Paustian Furniture Store in Copenhagen. Utzon always considers site conditions and program requirements before he designs each building. He transcends architecture as art and develops his forms into poetic inventions that possess thoughtful programming, structural integrity, and sculptural harmony.
Part Two Reading
Passage A Chinese architect wins major prize
Step 1. Lead-in
1. Architecture appreciation
What do you know about the following buildings? Which of the above designs do you like best? Why?
2. Pre-reading questions
1) Do you know any famous architects? Can you introduce us about their personal experiences, architectural style and their major works?
2) What do you know about Chinese architecture?
3) Can you list some famous architecture in the world?
4) Which Chinese architecture is of greatest architectural interest to you? Do you know its stories or histories?
Step 2. Text study
I. Text reading
II. Language points
1. I was delighted to hear the recent news that the Chinese architect, Wang Shu, had been awarded the Pritzker Architecture Prize.
中国建筑师王澍近日荣获普里兹克建筑学奖，喜讯传来，我非常欣喜。
be delighted to很高兴做某事
I was delighted to see my old friend.
delighted 是由动词delight 加-ed 构成的形容词。有类似用法的单词还有surprise + ed=surprised，
amaze + ed=amazed，astonish + ed=astonished。
the recent news 后面接了一个that 引导的同位语从句。
2. As a Canadian architect working on many projects throughout China over the last 15 years, I have been fortunate to work together with many great Chinese architects and artists.
作为一名加拿大建筑师，我在过去的15年间参与了中国各地的众多工程项目，曾有幸与中国许多杰出的建筑师和艺术家们一起工作。
as用作介词，意思为作为；以···的身份
作为大学的校长，斯密斯教授非常负责任。
As the president of this university, Prof. Smith is very responsible.
3. I was not so surprised to hear the news as I have witnessed a cultural renaissance in the arts in China, in particular, in the fields of contemporary art and architecture.
听到这个消息我并不感到意外，因为我亲眼目睹了中国艺术界的一场“文化复兴”，尤其是在当代艺术和建筑领域。
as用作连词，意思为由于；因为
因为你不在那里，我留了个信息。
As you weren’t there, I left a message.
4. But the days of Chinese architects sitting in the background with the task of working out the construction details of someone else’s vision are quickly coming to an end.
但是，过去中国建筑设计师坐在幕后兢兢业业为别人的梦想而打点细枝末节的日子就要一去不复返了。
这句话的主语是 the days，谓语是 are coming to an end。the days 后的of 引导的介词短语作后置定语，修饰the days。
sitting in the background 是现在分词短语作定语，修饰Chinese architects；with the task of... 表伴随，作动词sit 的伴随状语。
5. Perhaps we are witnessing a turning point, a time when China can draw upon its own culture-makers, rather than depending on the ideas and cultural interpretations of China from those abroad.
也许我们正见证着一个转折，在这个时代中，中国不再依赖于国外人士对其理念和文化的阐释，转而寄希望于本国的文化制造者。
a time 后面接了一个when 引导的定语从句。
rather than而不是
鲍勃决定退出，而不是接受新规则。
Bob decided to quit rather than accept the new rules.
6. For me, his greatest contribution is in how he uses his creative power to balance the interpretation of regional and cultural influences with his highly artful and personal vision.
在我看来，他最大的贡献在于他是如何运用自己的创造力和有独特品味的个人视角，找到了诠释地域和文化影响的平衡点。
in 在这里表示在···方面。文中in 后面接了一个宾语从句，该从句使用的是陈述语序。
balance sth. with sth.: 使···和···均衡，协调
他们需要协调好伐木工作和森林生态系统。
They need to find a balance between logging jobs and the forest ecosystem.
7. I am sometimes troubled by what I see being built in cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and elsewhere in China, which have almost become a foreign architect’s playground.
我有时会为自己在北京、上海及其他一些中国城市所看到的在建项目而忧虑，因为那些地方俨然已成了外国建筑设计师的游乐园。
介词by 之后跟了一个what 引导的宾语从句。
She was shocked by what she had seen.
which 在句中引导了一个非限制性定语从句，先行词
是cities。
8. award
1) v. to give sb. a prize or other reward because he / she has achieved sth.授予；给予；
The champion was awarded the gold medal.
2) n. a prize or money given to sb. for sth. that he / she
has achieved 奖；奖金
孩子接过奖品时对老师微笑。
The child smiled at his teacher as he received the award.
9. witness
1) v. to see sth. happen, especially an accident or a crime 亲眼看到；目击
有谁目击了这场交通事故？
Did anyone witness the traffic accident?
2) n. sb. who saw an accident or a crime 目击者
目击者正在讲述整个事故的过程。
The witness was telling about the whole accident.
10. individual
1) adj. belonging to or intended for one person rather than a group 个人的
他们等待团体作决定而不是各自作出决定。
They wait for the group to decide rather than making individual decisions.
2) n. [C] single human being 个人
孩子的个体意识在入学前的几年中逐渐增强。
A child's awareness of being an individual grows in stages during the pre-school years.
11. interpret
1) vt. to explain or decide on the meaning of an event, statement, etc. 说明；阐明
她把他的沉默解释为傲慢。
She interpret his silence as arrogance.
2) vt. & vi. to change words spoken in one language into another 口译
在联合国做口译是件难 度很大的差事。
To interpret at the UN is a difficult task.
12. draw upon
to use your money, experiences, etc. to help you do sth. 利用；使用
她将不得不拿出自己全部的勇气和决心。
She would have to draw upon all her courage and determination.
作为演员，你必须利用自己的经验去塑造可信的角色。
As an actor, you have to draw upon your experience to create believable characters.
13. tap into
to use or take what you need from a supply of sth. 利用；开发
我很想探寻海外市场。
I'd really like to tap into the overseas market.
你如何才能利用好这些资源呢？
How can you tap into this resource?
14. turn the tables
to change a situation completely so that sb. loses an advantage and you gain one 扭转局面；转败为胜
这能够让他以让人惊讶的方式转败为胜。
This enables him to turn the tables in a surprising way.
希望在下场比赛后我们能扭转局面并再次获得胜利。
Hopefully we can turn the tables in the next race and fight for a win again.
Step 3. Exercise
1. Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
2. Answer the following questions.
1). According to the passage, what is Wang Shu’s greatest contribution to Chinese architecture?
Wang’s greatest contribution is that he uses his creative power to balance the interpretation of regional and cultural influences with his highly artful and personal vision.
2). What is the significance of Wang Shu’s winning of the Pritzker Architecture Prize?
The award will inspire young Chinese designers to have confidence in themselves and attach more importance to the land, culture, people, and the sense of place in their process of creation.
2. Vocabulary & Structure
1. Complete the following crossword based on the information given.
2. Compare each pair of words and complete the following sentences with the right one. Change the form if necessary.
3. Add the suffix “-ed” to the words given below. Then complete the following sentences with the words thus formed.
4. Combine the following sentences using the structure “yet”.
3. Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
2. Translate the following Chinese sentences into English with the help of the words or phrases given in brackets.
Part Three Grammar The present perfect tense & the past perfect tense( 现在完成时和过去完成时)
一、现在完成时
现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有关系，即用一个发生在过去的动作来说明现在的情况。现在完成时由“助动词 have / has + 动词的过去分词”构成。
二、过去完成时
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作，即在“过去的过去”完成的动作。过去完成时由“助动词 had + 动词的过去分词”构成。
Grammar - Exercises
1. Choose the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to complete the following sentences.
2. Complete the following sentences with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
Part Four Writing
Notes
按时间展开段落是按照时间的先后顺序展开段落——先发生的事情先说，后发生的事情后说。
Keys 4→7→6→2→3→5→8→1
Part Five Cultural Express
1. Famous architecture in the world
Statue Of Liberty
The Arc de Triomphe
The Acropolis of Athens
2. Questions
Work in groups to discuss the following questions.
1). Could you list some famous buildings in America, France, and Greece apart from the ones mentioned above?
Yes. For example, the Brooklyn Bridge and the Empire State Building in America; the Louvre Museum and the Eiffel Tower in France, and the Theatre of Dionysus Eleuthereus and the Temple of Hera in Greece.
2). Which Chinese architecture is of greatest architectural interest to you? Do you know its stories or histories?
The Great Wall is of greatest architectural interest to me. It is one of the greatest wonders in Chinese history and civilization. However, many people were seized by Emperor Qin’s army and sent to build the Great Wall. One of them was Meng Jiangnv’s husband. He was forced to build the Great Wall shortly after he married Meng Jiangnv. Meng Jiangnv missed him so much that she traveled a long distance to the Great Wall, only to find that her husband had died and his remains were buried under the Wall. Not knowing exactly where her husband’s body was buried, Meng Jiangnv was in great sorrow.
She cried three days and three nights in a row and her wailing touched God. All of a sudden, several miles of the Great Wall collapsed and the remains of her husband appeared. This story, to some extent, can reflect the disasters the Great Wall brought to the people of the Qin Dynasty.
Part Six Summary and Homework
Review of the text and try to master the key words and expressions;
Preview the new words, expressions and Text A of Unit 4.
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