构词法
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学习目标：1.掌握构词法中的合成法； 2.掌握构词法中的转化法； 3.掌握构词法中的派生法；
4.运用合成法、转化法和派生法去记忆单词。 课前预习：1.了解构词法有哪几类； 2.了解常见的词缀。 课堂练习： 一、合成法：
请利用下列两栏的词造成合成词并了解其意思。 black looking reading ever good phone play room cell wide,how ground
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over board man dog, 二.转化法：
判断下列句中划线单词的词性并了解其意思。
( 1) There are about 300 species of fish in the world.世界上约有三万种鱼。 You can fish for t rout in this stream.你可以在这条小溪钓鳟鱼。 (2) I like the exotic blooms of the orchid.我喜欢这奇异的兰花。
Most roses will begin to bloom from late May.大多数玫瑰从五月末开始开花。 (3) Her face was wet with tears.她泪流满面。
He walked carefully so as not to wet his shoes.他小心地走着,免得使鞋子湿了。 (4) She likes pale yellow flowers.她喜欢淡黄色的花朵。 The paper yellowed wit ago.由于时间太久,那张纸变黄了。 (5) I would very much like to see you again.我很想再见到你。 He was muched again.他又得到了重用。 (6) He looked down at her.他低头看着她。
We downed our coffees and left .我们喝完咖啡就离开了。 There are ups and downs in his life.
(7)His family was very poor when he was a child.在他小时候，他家里很穷。
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The poor need the rich’s help.穷人需要富人的帮助。 (8)You are such sillies.你们真愚蠢。 You are silly.你真蠢。 三.派生法： 一、选择填空
1. That man was ____enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. A. care B careful C. careless D. carelessness
2. The soldier died for saving the child so his____ is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3. The child looked ____at his brother who was badly wounded.
A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad 4. He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ____.
A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemist D. physician 5. The three- ____chairisn’tsuitable for a young child. He may fall off.
A. legging B. legged C. legs D. leged 6. Stephenson became the ____railway engineer in the world.
A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership 7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack
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looked____about at his classmates.
A. proud B. proudly C. pride D. pridely 8.To everyone’s ____，the girl finished the job quite well.
A. satisfied B. satisfactory C. satisfying D. satisfaction 9.—What are you doing here?
-My teacher asked me to write a passage about ____in English. —You can write____passage in English?
A.600 words；a 600-words B.600-word；a 600-words C.600 words；a 600-word D.600 words；a 600-words 10. No one should enter the spot without the ____of the police.
A. permit B. permission C. permitting permittence
二.用括号里词适当形式填空
1It’sOctober the ____(nine).It’s my mother’sbirthday. 2 Both of you are the ____(win) of the match.
4 She was so ____(care) that she took my umbrella by mistake. 5 Look at the sun. It always shines _____(bright) in the sky. 6 Geography is a ______(nature) science. Do you know?
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D.
7 I think the dictionary is _____(help) to your study. 8Don’topen your books. Please keep them _____(close). 9 Children should speak to old people _____(polite).
10 The time is too short.It’s_____(possible) for Daniel to finish this work. 11 Paper catches fire ____(easy).
12 My sister is ____(happy) now because she lost her money. 13 The cinema has two ______(enter) . Which one should we go into? 14 Idon’t like travelling by plane. I think it’s_____(safe) to travel by air. 15 He speaks Chinese very well though he is a _______(Canada).
16 You may be _____(worry) if you are in trouble and have no one to help you.
17 It’svery _____ to go hiking into the mountains.I’m____ about it. (excite)18 Beijing is such an ____ city thatI’m____ in it very much. There are many places of_______(interest).
19 The students are listening to the teacher _____(care). 20 There are a lot of _____(travel) on the train. 课后巩固 一、合成词：
请根据下列提示将合成词补充完整，每个单词至少组两个合成词，并了解其意思。 World_______room____ball
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some_______box____man break_______hearted____land hair_______thing____way 2.转化法
(1)形容词→动词,如：
dry干燥的)→dry(弄), clean(干净的)→clean(打扫,弄干净),等等。 (2)动词→名词,如：
look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk 等等。
(3)名词→动词,如：
hand(手)→(传递),face(脸)→(面对)等等。 (4)形容词→副词,如： early, fast→fast等等。 (5)副词→连词,如：
when(什么时候)→(当……时候),等等。 (6)介词→副词,如：
in(到……里)→(在里面；在家),on(在…上)→(进行,继续),等等。
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3.派生法
Ⅰ.Match the right words from the right column with the words on the left. ( ) 1. enrich A. trying to find jobs
( ) 2. semicircle B. remove, get rid of ice, frost ( ) 3. troublesomeC. of, having, using imagination ( ) 5. job-hunting E. half a circle ( ) 6. defrostF. causing trouble
( ) 7. imaginativeG. make rich, improve in quality, flavour, etc. Ⅱ.Use the appropriate form of the words to fill in the blanks.
1. The motherdidn’tknow why her daughter was crying ____. (noise) 2. He was one of the best ____ inyesterday’sfootball match. (play) 3. Look! How ___ Kate is laughing! (happy)
4. It snowed ___ last night and now the streets are covered with snow. 5. Edison was a great ___. During his life he had many ___. (invent) 7. We want _____ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)
8. Please give me some reference work. It will ___ my task. (simple) 9. The boy had the ____ of being half starved. (appear)
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(heavy)
10. The driver was very _____(thank) to the policeman for his help. 11. The doctor said thatMary’smother need an ____.(operate) 13. Few ___ words made us excited. (speak)
14. The days on the moon get hotter than ___ water. (boil) 15. Thank you for your _____. (kind)
16. Many college students work while they are studying because they want to make some moneyfor their college ___. (expensive)
17. Most international ___ letters are written in English, too. (busy)
18. The boy noticed an ___ mistake on his paper, but he decided not to say anything about it.(correct)
19. When in Rome, do as the ___ do. (Rome) 20. The teacher was pleased with her ____. (honest)
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