过去进行时讲解与习题

过去进行时讲解与习题

1.概念

过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作,可以从两个方面来理解：

1 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。

如： They were playing football at ten o’clock yesterday morning.??

My mother was cooking when I got home.?

I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday.??

2 过去某阶段持续进行的动作。

如：I was staying at home last weekend.?

常与过去某一特定的时间状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at 8:00 yesterday, last Sunday , at this time yesterday, from 7 to 9 last night等。

也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.

另外，也可用于when/while引导的时间状语从句中。但在复合句中，若主要动作和

背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时。

如：It was raining when they left the hospital.

Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.

2.句型结构 ⑴肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词(doing) + 其他.

如：I was playing basketball at 6:30 yesterday.

He was playing the piano at that moment.

They were doing homework at 8:00 last night

⑵否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词现在分词（doing） + 其他

如： I was not playing basketball at 6:30 yesterday.

He wasn’t playing the piano at that moment.

They weren’t doing homework at 8:00 last night.

⑶一般疑问句： Was/Were + 主语 + 动词现在分词(doing) + 其他

如： Were you playing basketball at 6:30 yestetday?

---Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t.

Was he playing the piano at that moment?

---Yes, he was./No, he wasn’t.

⑷特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句

如： What were you doing at 8:00pm yesterday?

Where was he working at that time?

注：其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章

练习

㈠ 用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. Jim _____(write) a letter at that moment.

2. When the telephone _______(ring),she ______(do) her homework.

3. When I ______(leave) the part,the people ______(enjoy) themselves.

4.______ they______ (feed) the animals at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?

5. Mrs.Green _____? _____ (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.

6. Grandpa ______? ______ (mend) his clock when I reached home.

7.As I _____ (walk) in the park, I saw some children playing games.

㈡、单选

1 What ______ from three to four yesterday afternoon?

A have you done?? B had you done? C did you do? D were you doing

2 – I call you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.

- Oh., I’m sorry I _____ dinner at my friend’s home.

A home? B had? C was having? D have had

3 My mother _____ while my father _____TV.

A cooked; was watching?? B was cooking; was watching

C was cooked; watched?? D cooked; watched

4 When I got home, my son _____ the music.

A am listening to?? B listened to?? C was listening to? D was listening

5 We heard a cry when we ______ TV last night.

A were watching? B would watch?? C watch?? D watched

6 Could you tell me when ______?

A she is coming?? B she was coming?? C will be come?? D is he coming

7 The teacher ______ when I came into the classroom.

A is drawing?? B draws?? C has drawn?? D was drawing

8 Nobody noticed what she ______ at the moment.

A will do?? B was doing?? C has done?? D had done

9 Was it raining hard when you _____ this morning?

A left? B leaves? C was leaving? D would leave

现在完成时讲解与习题

1. 概念

⑴表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响和结果依然存在（已完成）。常与副词already（肯定）,yet（否定，疑问）,just,ever,never,once,twice,befoe等连用。

如： We have already known each other.

I have just washed my face.

He has been to this island before.

⑵也表示过去发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在，且有可能继续下去（未完成）。常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）,so far等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：

如： We have lived there since 2000.

Mr.zhang has been in Beijing for over thirty years.

He has learned English since he was 6 years old.

注：这种用法中的动词用延续性动词。非延续性动词要用延续性动词代替。常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换：buy—have borrow—keep come—be here leave/go—be away begin/start—be on die—be dead join—be in

如：I have kept(borrow) the book for two weeks.

She has had(buy) this bike for a year.

The old man has been dead(die) since last year.

They have been away(leave) for two hours.

2. 句型结构

⑴肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 + 其他。(主语是第三人称单数时用has，其他人称用have)。

如：I have done my homework since 6:00.

They have found the lost boy.

She has gone to Beijing since she was 16 years old.

⑵否定句：主语 + have/has + not + 动词过去分词 + 其他。

如： They have worked for 20 hours.→They haven’t worded for 20 hours.

He has had his breakfast.→He hasn’t had his breakfast.

⑶一般疑问句： Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其他

如：She has been to Beijing.→Has she been to Beijing?

---Yes,she has./No,she hasn’t.

They have already learned three English songs.→Have they learned three English songs yet?

---Yes,they have./No,they haven’t.

⑷特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句

如: How many words has he learned yet?

How long hawe you lived here?

注：have/has been to 表示“去过某地”（已回来）.瞬间动词形式

have/has gone to 表示“去某地了”（还未回来）人不在说话处，主语常用第三人称。

Have/has been in 表示“已经。。。。。。”（持续的）.持续性动词形式

3.过去分词变化规则

⑴规则动词过去分词同过去式。

⑵不规则动词需要记忆。

① AAA型

1) cost—cost—cost 2) cut—cut—cut 3) hit—hit—hit

4) hurt—hurt—hurt 5) let—let—let 6) put—put—put

7) read—read—read 8) set—set—set 9) shut—shut—shut

②AAB型

1) beat—beat—beaten

③ ABA型

1) become—became—become 2) come—came—come 3) run—ran—run

④ABB型

1) bring—brought—brought 2) buy—bought—bought 3)

think—thought—thought

4) catch—caught—caught 5) teach—taught—taught 6) build—built—built

7) lend—lent—lent 8) send—sent—sent 9) spend—spent—spent

10) lose—lost—lost 11) smell—smelt—smelt 12) burn—burnt—burnt

13) feel—felt—felt 14) learn—learnt—learnt 15) hear—heard—heard

16) mean—meant—meant 17) keep—kept—kept 18) sleep—slept—slept

19) sweep—swept—swept 20) tell—told—told 21) stand—stood—stood

22) understand—understood—understood 23) say—said—said

24) pay—paid—paid 25) meet—met—met 26) leave—left—left

27) hold—held—held 28) dig—dug—dug 29) find—found—found

30) get—got—got31) hang—hung—hung 32) have—had—had

33) make—made—made 34) shine—shone—shone 35) sit—sat—sat

36) win—won—won

⑤ABC型

1) blow—blew—blown 2) draw—drew—drawn 3) fly—flew—flown

4) grow—grew—grown 5) throw—threw—thrown 6) know—knew—known

7) choose—chose—chosen 8) eat—ate—eaten 9) fall—fell—fallen

10) ride—rode—ridden 11) rise—rose—risen 12) hide—hid—hidden

13) see—saw—seen 14) shake—shook—shaken 15) take—took—taken

16) mistake—mistook—mistaken 17) wake—woke—waken

18) write—wrote—written 19) be—was/were—been 20) do—did—done

21) break—broke—broken 22) forget—forgot—forgotten 23)

give—gave—given

24) freeze—froze—frozen 25) begin—began—begun 26) ring—rang—rung

27) drink—drank—drunk 28) go—went—gone 29) lie—lay—lain

30) sing—sang—sung 31) swim—swam—swum 32) wear—wore—worn

33) show—showed—shown 34) sink—sank—sunk

练习：

A．用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. We ______already______(clean) the classroom .

2. Have you_____(get) a bike? Yes, I_____.

3. Have you______(write) a letter to Tom? N o, I_______.

4. She____ ______(not see) the film before.

5. Li Lei____just____(eat)fish and chips.

6. I______ _______(not do) my homework yet.

7. Tom and Jim____ _____(be) to the Great Wall before.

8. My mother____ _____(buy) a new car for a week.

9. A: Has she been to Beijing? B: Yes, she ____.

A: When ____she ____(go) there? B: Last month.

10. _____you______(finish)your work? No, not yet.

B.用for 和since填空

1. We have learned five hundred words ______ the beginning of this term.

2. Mrs Liao has been in hospital ______a week.

3. I have stayed at my aunt’s _____last week.

4. He has lived in Nanjing ______twenty years.

5. I’v known him ______I was a child.

6. Our teacher has studied Japanese _____three years.

7. She has been away from the city ____about two years.

8. It’s about ten years _____she left the city.

C．选择填空。

1 .—Where is Li Lei?

—He ___ Shanghai.

A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to

2. ----_______ you _______ to the capital?

---No, I ______.I ______ there early next month.

A. Have, been, haven’t, am going B. Had, been, hadn’t, am going

C. Have, gone, haven’t, was going D. Did, go, didn’t, was going

3. --______ you ______ England?

---Yes, it _____ a beautiful country.

A. Will , gone to, was B. Have , been to, is

C. had ,been to, is D. Have ,gone to, is

4.Mary ________ to see the films because she __________ it twice.

A. won’t go, saw B. won’t go, will see

C. won’t go, has seen D. didn’t go, sees

5. His father _______ for years.

A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies

6. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _________ 1992.

A. since B. from C. after D. in

7. You ______ that question three times.

A. already asked B. have already asked

C. already have asked D. asked already

8. Mr. Black _________ China since the summer of 1998.

A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to