如何写outline
发布网友
发布时间：2022-04-23 16:03
共8个回答
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 04:18
英语论文提纲outline格式：
1．论文题目：准确、简洁、醒目、新颖。
2．目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简短列表。（短文不需要列出）
3、小结：是文章的主要内容摘录，简短、精练、完整。字数可以少于几十个字，300字以上为宜。
4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的标题、摘要和正文中挑选出来的，是表达论文中心内容具有实质性意义的词汇。关键词是用来标记文章内容特点的词语。一般每篇论文选择3－8个单词作为关键词，在“feed”的左下方再安排一行。
主语词是一个已经标准化的词。在确定主题词时，应根据索引和分组规则，对论文进行主题化，并在主题词表中转换为标准词。
5．主要内容：
引言：引言，又称前言、前言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言部分应概述作者的意图，说明选题的目的和意义，并指出论文的范围。引言应该简短扼要，紧扣主题。
论文主体：论文主体是论文的主体。主体包括：陈述－论证；分析问题－论点和论点；解决问题－演示和步骤；结论。
6．论文的参考文献是在论文和写作中可以被引用或引用的主要参考资料，列在论文的最后。参考文献应该是另一页，按照“gb7714－2005后的参考文献描述规则”进行标记。标题—作者—出版信息（版本地点、出版商、出版日期）：作者—标题—出版信息
所列参考文献的要求是：所列参考文献必须是正式出版物，供读者核实。所列参考文献应注明序号、著作或文章名称、作者、出版资料。论文的提纲也可以采用最简单的格式和分类，简单明了地陈述论文的目的、依据和意义，甚至两句话。
这样的大纲经常用于科学论文中，其中的概念是相关的，而不是单独讨论。如果一，二，三…点代写，往往会变成“八股文”模式，这样的论文往往是临摹论文，其真正的科学价值会大大降低。
扩展资料：
其他文件格式
参考格式是指为撰写论文而引用已发表文献的格式。按参考文献类型可分为专著［M］、会议论文集［C］、报刊文章［N］、期刊文章［J］、学术论文［D］、报告［R］、标准［S］、专利［P］、论文［A］、期刊［G］。
许多文件格式都有开放的、标准化的或建议的格式。这些规范或建议描述了如何对数据进行编码和安排。
有时还指定是否需要特定的计算机程序来读取或处理它。有两种情况不公开文件格式。首先，开发人员将文件格式视为商业机密。其次，开发人员不愿意或者很少花时间在规范文档上。
需要注意的是，使用非公共文件格式可能会产生额外的成本。要理解这种类型的文件格式，您需要对结果文件进行反向工程，或者付钱给开发人员以获得文件格式。第二种方法通常涉及与开发人员签订的防扩散协议。无论哪种方式都既耗时又费钱。
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 05:36
比如：Topic 是 Money
把相关的Topic sentences组织起来，就是outline了：
1. Money is important to our daily life, but it is not everything
1）Money is imortant
2) Money isn't everything
2. Money can't buy love
1) You can marry a beautiful wife or a rich husband, but..;
2) ......
3. Money can't buy good health;
1) You can buy expensive medicine, invite the best doctors, but ...
2)...
4. Money can't buy knowledge;
1) You can go to the best school and invite the best teacher for your son or daughter, but ...
5......
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 07:11
你的老师是在培养你们怎样进行阅读和写作
通过阅读，自己要有概括的能力，这就是老师要求的outline，即读过东西后，自己用语言把主要内容或者大意概括出来，当然这可以是文中的重点语句。然后，围绕这些要点，再展开来评论，就是书评，或者读书心得，多练习，自然就会了。
其实，如果你老师给你讲过英语写作，一般是比较八股的，只要你会了，差不多东西都一样，先总，后分，然后再综述，大致就是些，如果是议论，要给出论据，来支持你的论点等等。总之，英语比中文写作交易得多，只要你有足够的句子和英语基础。
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 09:02
其实英语的 outline 很简单，你不用很麻烦，按照和写中文outline模式就行。。。
在英语写作中就有outline这一题。
相对于整篇作文而讲。outline 就是一个简单的框架。可以用三段式。
第一部分，首先标好你的题目。。
第二部分，就是你的body啦。。。可以分三部分。。每一部分就用一句话来表达，即每一段的topic sentence也就是main idea ..但是首先你要想好自己的大致内容。。
第三部分，结尾，还是一句话总结。。。你可以按这个模子套，一般是没问题的 。。。。
具体的操作步骤就如楼上所讲。。
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 11:10
这里很详细http://www.wikihow.com/Write-an-Outline
Choose your outline's structure. Each entry in an outline can either be a word or short phrase without punctuation (a topic outline) or a full sentence with punctuation (a sentence outline). There are advantages to both, but the important thing is that you choose one and stay consistent throughout the outline. Outlines can also be in either Roman number--letter--number form or they can be in decimal form. Again choose one, and be consistent.
Write down your main categories. In general, you write your thesis statement at the top of the outline and omit any introction and conclusion (although in longer papers these may be long enough to warrant inclusion in the outline). The outline thus covers only the body of the work, the information that supports the thesis.
Decide on your main categories. The main categories are key points of your thesis, the main divisions of your paper. For example, in a basic wikiHow article, the main categories might be "Steps," "Tips," and "Warnings." For a novel, each chapter might be a main category, or you might divide the story into its exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.
Put your main categories in logical order. List the main categories in the order you want them in your paper. This may be chronological or thematical, but it should make sense.
Label each main category with a Roman numeral (i.e. "I.", "II.", "III.", etc.) for a Roman numeral-letter-number outline
Label each main category with a number (i.e. "1.0", "2.0", "3.0," etc.) for a decimal outline. Note there are periods after each label in a Roman numeral outline but not in a decimal outline.
Fill in the subcategories for each main category. Each main category of the paper may be composed of several paragraphs. Each subcategory typically correlates to one paragraph within your paper, but in a long paper or a novel each subcategory may include many paragraphs. For example, in this article, subcategories might be the bolded sentence for each step. Indent several spaces (typically 5), and write down only a short word or phrase (for a topic outline) or a brief sentence (for a sentence outline) to describe the main idea of each paragraph.
Label each subcategory as a letter ("A." "B.", "C.", etc.) in a Roman number outline. Under main category "I." you will have one set of letters, and then your will start again at "A." for the first subcategory of each subsequent main category.
Label each subcategory as a decimal in a decimal outline. Thus for main category "1." the first subcategory would be "1.1", and the next would be "1.2". The first subcategory under main category 2 would be "2.1" and so on.
Fill in the tertiary categories or sentences. Within each sub-category, list and arrange your specific notes to support or expand the argument or point made on that paragraph. The tertiary (third-level) categories will often correlate to the order of sentences in each paragraph since each tertiary category should correlate to a distinct point or idea, such as these:
Indent each tertiary category several spaces from the beginning of each subcategory.
For Roman numeral outlines, label each tertiary category as a number. So you would have "1.", "2.", "3.", etc.
For decimal outlines, label each tertiary category as a decimal with two decimal points. Thus, "1.1.1", "1.1.2", "1.2.1", etc.
Continue adding smaller divisions as needed. While tertiary categories often correspond to indivial sentences, many outlines will require smaller divisions. For example, you may have one supporting sentence (tertiary category) that is then followed by three sentences giving three specific examples of the point you made in the that sentence. These example sentences do not deserve their own tertiary categories because they don't make a new point--they just support the supporting sentence. Thus you can break them down under that tertiary category as "a.", "b.", and "c." or as "1.2.1.1," "1.2.1.2," and "1.2.1.3". You can make even smaller divisions if necessary.
Write your paper. You should easily be able to write your paper with the completed outline in front of you. You may only need to add transitions and connecting words, since all of your points and evidence will already be in their correct places in the outline.
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 13:35
很多人认为英语比中文写作容易得多，其实不然！就议论文而言，outline的关键是论据要紧扣论点，中国学生写作的最大问题就是论据跳跃，
举个错的outline例子：因为人口多，所以环境污染越严重。（跳跃）
正确的outline应该是：因为人口多，故消耗越多、产生的垃圾、排出的废气多，所以污染更严重。（原因 ===》现象==》结果）
另外，outline不要求观点奇特，但要求围绕段落主题。
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 16:16
I. Introction
A. Opening
B. some background information
C. Main points
1.
2.
3.
D. Thesis statement
Transition:
II. Body
A. Main point 1
1. Supporting point 1
Transition
B. Main point 2
1. Supporting point 1
2. supporting point 2
Transition
C. Main point 3
1. Supporting point 1
Transition
III. Conclusion
A. Main points
1.
2.
3.
B. Action statement
C. Thesis statement
Closing
instruction和conclusion里面的main points其实可以省略，有时候写上去只是为了强调，或者因为你要讲的main points可以很好的很简短的概括起来。
热心网友
时间：2022-04-14 19:14
提纲就是写写大概的你要写的东西
